“Just had surgery to fix my broken nose. recovery sucks…” he said on Twitter.

Speculation revolved around an injury being the reason.

Last Wednesday, E! News saw him leaving a plastic surgeon’s clinic in Beverly Hills, sporting a new nose. He admitted to TMZ that he had a deviated septum and it was blocking a part of his nostril; it wasn’t because of an injury.

After the release of The Hunger Games in March, Hutcherson laid low. This doesn’t mean there was no activity for him at all. He has three completed films lined up for release this year, namely 7 Days in Havana, The Forger, and Red Dawn. He is also returning to star in Catching Fire, sequel to The Hunger Games.

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The article in the publication reviews rates of breast reconstruction and points that affect the need for immediate reconstruction in patients who have early stage breast cancer. Information, however, is lacking for Canada.

Canadian rates for the procedure have been low in the past. There was a 7.7% reconstruction rate in Ontario (1994/1995) and 3.8% in Nova Scotia (1991). On the other hand, rates were higher in Australia (9.9%, 1982), Denmark (14%, 1999), and England (16.5%, 2006). US rates for breast reconstruction went from 3.4% in 1985 to 42% in 1997. Immediate reconstruction simultaneous with mastectomy has also inclined in the United States, partly influenced by a recommendation of the Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons in 2001 to include the practice for treating early stage breast cancer.

Ethnicity, older age, socio-economic status, and geography affect breast reconstruction use. Women who are above 50 years old have lower odds of getting breast reconstruction, which may only be second to issues of increased complications or comorbodities. Although a study in the US showed that the negative connection between older age and reduced breast reconstruction stayed impressionable after attempts of controlling patient comorbodities. Women of lower socio-economic status are also less likely to take the procedure. However, those living in large urban parts are more geared to having breast reconstruction. There may be factors that could’ve affected the surgery rate statistic in Canada, like knowledge gaps and wrong perceptions of participating physicians.

The highest predictive factor that affects breast reconstruction is the stage of breast cancer the patient has, since patients with a more advanced affliction are greatly less inclined to pursue the procedure than patients with early stage disease.

Dr Toni Zhong of the Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology (University Health Network, University of Toronto) explains that although higher stage disease isn’t a contraindication for breast reconstruction, women or their physicians (or both) may only be prioritizing treatment over a restorative procedure.

The authors of the publication says that the optimal rate of breast reconstruction is currently unknown for any area mentioned in the article and the absence of a benchmark doesn’t help the research, but with the wide range of factors that influence the rate of breast reconstruction and low rate of breast reconstruction in Canada compared with other locations, it’s very unlikely that the optimal rate for the current practice has been reached. They suggest that a better understanding of the current rates of breast reconstruction and the number of factors that affect breast reconstruction pursuit in Canada is essential to improving our present knowledge gap.

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“If you sit for hours with your head bent slightly forward, staring at your iPhone or laptop screen, you may shorten the neck muscles and increase the gravitational pull on the jowl area, leading to a drooping jawline,” said Dr Mervyn Patterson, who coined the term.

Sagging jowls are suspected to form nowadays due to prolonged periods of stooping over mobile devices, and it’s possibly one of the reasons why many people are getting chin implants lately. Data from the American Society of Plastic Surgeons reveal that chin augmentation has reached such an astounding record in 2011 that it outperformed breast augmentation, Botox, and liposuction combined.

Dr Patterson also mentions that technology has another potential contributor to the rise of chin augmentation, and it’s in the form of video chatting. As people continue to engage in this activity, they increasingly notice the sagginess of their faces — and they don’t like it.

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Tricare, a military health insurance funded by taxpayers, covered $50,000 for the gastric bypass surgery of Jillian O’Malley, an army wife at Georgia’s Fort Stewart. She weighed almost 300 pounds three years ago; now she’s a triathlete. Losing 140 pounds, she felt the money was all worth it.

Although military leaders in Georgia keep their lips sealed to Channel 2, army officials shared to sister station KIRO that offering weight loss surgery saves taxpayers money than using the funds for obesity-related diseases, such as Type II diabetes and hypertension.

Investigation made by Channel 2 dug up some dirt on army recruiters admitting the US military includes payment for cosmetic surgery, including breast implants.

Some officers even revealed a way to get the military to pay for the surgery to satisfy a whim. One recruiter told about a woman who was able to have plastic surgery by pretending to have a low self-image.

Diana Zickerman, president of the National Research Center for Women and Families, said plastic surgery shouldn’t be the answer, but rather psychotherapy or other forms of help.

“To encourage them to lie about being depressed in order to get plastic surgery also raises a lot of red flags,” she added.

Lately, the military seems to have caught wind of this and are cutting back on cosmetic procedures. Now, a taxpayer group taking close watch is suggesting that the money be reserved for recovering veterans.

“This is real money that could go to help veterans with very serious combat injuries or mental or emotional health counseling to make the transition to post service life,” said Pete Sepp, a National Taxpayers Union member.

In defense, Dr Robert Richard says the gastric bypass programs he introduced during his time in the army should retain support as they promote the decrease of health care expenses in two to three years.

While Sepp is open to it, he requires keeping track of patients after surgery and make findings available to taxpayers.

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Both groups conducted a retrospective analysis and discovered that morbidly obese people don’t get to donate their kidneys. Their study also revealed that almost 25% of willing donors were initially excluded due to obesity. Furthermore, only a small portion of the excluded patients were able to lose sufficient weight to qualify for the donation.

Despite not having a national weight standard for screening, most centers exclude living donors with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 or higher. Therefore, America’s expanding waistlines may be influencing the national organ shortage by trimming down people with the potential to donate.

Right now, around 92,000 patients are awaiting a kidney, and 7,000 people on the list die each year, according to the New York Times.

Dr Mala Sachdeva, of North Shore-LIJ, and colleagues reviewed 104 possible living kidney donors seen at their establishment between 2008 and 2011. Of them, only 18% had acceptable BMIs (25 or lower), while most were designated as either overweight or obese. 37% had BMIs between 25 and 30; the rest had BMIs of 30 or higher.

Physicians had to turn down almost a quarter of the donors because they were classified as morbidly obese. However, they were referred to a nutritionist who can provide a diet and lifestyle modification plan with monthly follow-ups.

Unfortunately, only 3 of the total 23 rejected donors succeeded in losing weight and qualifying for kidney donation. 33% failed to slim down enough, while others declined for medical reasons, gave up on donating, or didn’t comply for other reasons.

To fight this crisis, Dr Sachdeva believes that transplant centers should offer more extensive weight-loss programs, improve their existing follow-up systems, and join social support groups for empowerment.

A more recent report released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forecasts the obesity rates in the US will grow up to 42% by the year 2030.

There are currently 78 million adults and 12.5 million children affected by the epidemic.

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The 3D simulation requires taking three photos of the patient’s torso then using the e-Stetix 3D editor to remove the original implant volume. After the resulting 3D model has been saved, new surgery can be planned using the application.

The e-Stetix is the first web-based 3D breast implant simulation tool designed for plastic surgery that features rendering from sample images.

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When hair removal, skin resurfacing, and treatment of thread veins and wrinkles boomed in the UK, everyone wanted in on it. Thanks to that, there are almost 10,000 places to get one. A laser instrument can be bought from China for as low as £5,000, and there is little training involved to operate it.

The NHS covers an estimated £1.8 million to over £2 million for errors caused by minor treatments in the private sector per year. The cost substantially increases when serious disfigurements are thrown in.

Dr Lefever believes this system is wrong. First of all, such laser devices should only be restricted to doctors, who are regulated. Secondly, the State and private sectors should be completely separate.

In addition, doctors and their staff should choose either sector and stick with it, and they should be trained independently. When doctors or other health care agents leave their chosen sector, training costs should be repaid to that sector.

What the private medical sector should have is a contingency fund to answer for the mistakes that doctors who belong there have committed. This way, any issue of licensing, training, and supervision would be contained and addressed quite appropriately. Knowing who pays for what is also clear.

To avoid arriving at having premium costs of private medical insurance, as seen in the US, the NHS should still be accessible to those who are entitled to it. Patients should continue to have the option to choose either sector, and healthcare should be a readily-available commodity.

While the NHS is financed by taxes on the private sector, it should restrict its services to really urgent matters. If people want their thread veins or wrinkles ironed out, they should pay for it.

In case the private sector sets a better clinical standard and more cost-effective service compared to the State sector, the government should cover for the treatment in the private sector.

“We would soon see whether the NHS really is the envy of the world or whether it is as much of an omnishambles as the rest of the State sector,” said Dr Lefever. “Perhaps unexpectedly, cosmetic procedures, that are already most commonly undertaken in the private sector, could lead the way towards significant improvements in all healthcare.”

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And, knowing that the main goal here is to be prepared, below are some items that, according to empowher.com, should be in your bag during your doctor’s consultation:

1. A ready list of questions

   A crucial part of a successful consultation is asking the right questions: description of the operation process, length of recuperation, likely side effects, and the kind of results to expect. Do some research on the operation itself to have an idea of the important information you will need to make crucial decisions (one being if you’re actually fit for the surgery).

2. Photos

   Since you’re dealing with aesthetic alterations, it would be most helpful to have visual samples of the results you’d like to see after the surgery. One thing to remember, however, is that results are based on your unique body structure and features; choosing to have your nose be more like that of a celebrity doesn’t mean you’ll end up looking like them. A good surgeon will explain these details to you and help you make the right decisions.

3. Documents showing your medical history

   One thing to remember is that at the end of the day, a plastic surgery procedure is still an operation. As such, one of the most crucial things to consider is whether or not you are physically capable to undergo the procedure without it leading to health complications. Unless you have such conditions as diabetes or heart complications, official hospital documents are not necessary. A simple list will do.

4. A pen and notepad

   Plainly and simply for jotting down notes during the consultation. It goes without saying that what the surgeon will tell you is just as important as the questions you’ll ask. Do not expect to remember every single detail you’re told.

5. A loved one

   Plastic surgery is a big decision that involves emotional and psychological effects. It’s not uncommon for patients to be more than a little scared and apprehensive. In these cases, having a loved one beside you for moral support can bring great comfort. They can also provide an objective point of view as you go through the usual emotions expected of a plastic surgery patient.

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For a patient to potentially have the best outcomes, cigarette use must be avoided for as long as possible, before or after surgery. Fully quitting entails a better chance for smooth surgical process, which may mean no problems like a wound infection after the procedure.

Numerous patients also see surgery as a viable way to quit smoking indefinitely, since most don’t get the urge to spark a cigarette while staying at the hospital. The odds of successful abandonment of the vice are almost doubled if tried around the time of surgery.

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Breast lifts, for instance, are appropriate for nursing women who have acquired sagging breasts after pregnancy. During this time, their breast tissue had already decreased in size, but the outer skin remains stretched and wouldn’t conform to the breast tissue’s shrunken size. Sagging is one of the considerations, and the degree of which the breast envelops sag (ptosis) is accounted for.

An augmentation can also be combined with a lift if the patient wishes it. However, a red flag goes up in case the patient turns out to be a smoker or taking certain medications as they make complications worse.

Women know their breasts are an important part of their being and they contest that wanting to give their breasts the best look possible doesn’t necessarily equate to vanity. As a steward of beauty, Dr Brueck is out to help them achieve this.

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